The War of Independence in 1857 ended in disaster for the Muslims. The British believed that the Muslims were responsible for the anti-British uprising, and therefore, they were subjected to ruthless punishment and merciless vengeance. In these adverse conditions, Sir Syed Ahmad Khan appeared on the horizon of Muslim India to resce them.

	Sir Syed Ahmad Khan

		Allan Octavian Hume, a retired British Civil servant founded the Indian National Congress

His Aligarh Movement played a significant role to bring about an intellectual revolution among the Indian Muslims. His Mohammadan Educational Conference, later evolved into a Muslim political party, the All India Muslim League, as Muslims felt that the Congress only provided safeguard for Hindu interests.

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