The Herki Kurd are a confederacy of tribes of Northern Kurdistan. They live primarily in the mountainous area where the borders of Turkey, Iran, and Iraq meet, near Lake Urmia and the town of Orumiyeh. These various tribes and clans are distinguished by the languages they speak. The Herki language is possibly a dialect of Kurmanji. Apart from the 31,000 Herki Kurd of Turkey, other large communities can also be found in Iran and Iraq.

What are their lives like?
Kurdish society is mainly rural, with most people making their living from farming and raising livestock. Most of them are fairly settled; however, some still practice a semi-nomadic lifestyle, moving from place to place with their herds of goats and sheep. The nomadic shepherds move into the mountain areas during the summer and down to the plains in the winter.

Although their farming methods seem primitive and their technology outdated, the Herki Kurd are fairing well in Turkey's rugged terrain. Cotton, sugar beets, and tobacco, are grown for both the Turkish market and export.

In recent times, particularly since the early 1930's, the primitive, tribal organizations of the Herki Kurd have been largely suppressed by the Turkish government. As a result, many of the nomads have moved from the rural, economically depressed areas into the cities. There, industry provides jobs for about 6% of the population, while the others are engaged in trade, services, and craft work.

The daily diet of the Kurd is built around bread, dairy products, dates, tea, and meat. The wealthy have a more varied diet. Pork and alcoholic beverages are tabooed.

The Herki Kurd are noted for their elaborate national costumes. The men's costumes consist of baggy, colored trousers and plain shirts with huge sleeves split at the wrist and tied at the elbow. Brightly colored vests and sashes are also worn. Women usually wear heavy clothing that is embroidered with vivid colors. Today, many rural Kurd have abandoned their native costumes for western style dress.

What are their beliefs?
Nearly all Kurds are Muslims, most being Shafite Sunnis. They first embraced Islam after the Arab conquests of the seventh century. Today, they look to Islam as a basis for social justice.

Even among the Sunni Kurds, there are traces of an earlier pagan and violent type faith which sets them apart from other Muslims. In the rural areas, a few still believe in jinnis (spirits capable of assuming human or animal forms) and demons. Many are also involved in elements of animal worship.

Mullahs (Muslim spiritual leaders) play an important role in the social and cultural life of those living in the country. Until recent times, mullahs would act as village witch doctors, performing ceremonies and reciting chants to drive out madness or cure the sick.

Religious fraternities still operate throughout this region of the world. In the past, some influential sheiks (spiritual leaders) even became members of parliament. However, their authority eventually began to crumble. Today, their spiritual and economic power is being challenged.

What are their needs?
The Islamic faith is extremely hard to penetrate with the Gospel. Although a number of missions agencies are targeting the Herki Kurd of Iraq and Turkey, very little progress has been made among them. At the present time, there are neither scriptures nor Christian radio broadcasts in the Herki language.

Prayer Points

• Ask the Lord to call people who are willing to go to Turkey and share Christ with the Herki Kurd.
• Pray that the Holy Spirit will give the missions agencies strategies for reaching these Muslims with the Gospel.
• Ask God to use the small number of Herki Kurd believers as a clear Gospel witness to their own people.
• Pray that God will raise up qualified linguists to translate the Bible into the Herki language.
• Ask the Holy Spirit to soften their hearts towards Christians so that they will be receptive to the Gospel.
• Pray that God will open the hearts of Turkey's governmental leaders to the Gospel.
• Ask the Lord to raise up a strong local church among the Herki Kurd by the year 2000.

THE PEOPLE

• People name: Herki Kurd
• Country: Turkey
• Their language: Herki
• Population: (1990) 28,000
  (1995) 31,000
  (2000) 33,900
• Largest religion: Muslim (Sunni) 99.8%
• Christians: <1%
• Church members: 62
• Scriptures in their own language: None
• Jesus Film in their own language: Available
• Christian broadcasts in their own language: None
• Mission agencies working among this people: 1
• Persons who have heard the Gospel: 6,600 (22%) Those evangelized by local Christians: 1,600 (6%)
  Those evangelized from the outside: 5,000 (16%)
• Persons who have never heard the Gospel: 24,400 (78%)

• Country: Turkey
• Population: (1990) 56,097,700
  (1995) 61,945,200
  (2000) 67,747,900
• Major peoples in size order: Turk 66.2%
  Northern Kurd 8.8%
  Turkish Kurd 8%
  Crimean Tatar 7%
  Levantine Arab 1.8%
• Major religions: Muslims 99.4%
  Nonreligious 0.3%
  Christians 0.2%
• Number of denominations: 34